Oil burner



June 14 1927. A" E GRANT OIL BURNER Ffiled'May 2. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1June 14,1927. 1,632,402

Y A. E. GRANT OIL BURNER I Filed May 2. 1921 2 Sheets-Shqet 2 awwmtoi351 abtoznw;

Patented June 14, 1927.

UNITED STATES.

1, 32,402 PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT 1:. exam, or mm 1031!, n. 1., nssrenon T oAnoaon. nunivnnoonronanon, A. conronazrron or nnmwm.

011 BURNER.

Application filed Kay 2,

This invention relates to oil burners particularly to burners for aheavy 011 such as crude petroleum. The chief object of the inlentionisto provide a'burner which will burn crude petroleum in an eflicientmanner and without requiring constant attention and frequent cleaning.Further ob-. jects of the invention particularly in adapt mg the burnerfor a furnace or boiler Wlll appear from the following description takenin connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a planview of apparatus illustrating one embodiment of the invention,

Fig.2 is an elevational view of the same with parts in section, I Fig. 3is a: sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 1, and

Figs. 4 to 7 are views of the flame form- 20 ing nozzle on enlargedscale.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings a base or stand10 is supported by three legs 11 adjustable in length to position theapparatus horizontally with one end 12 in the fire space ofa furnace orboiler and the remainder of the apparatus to the right of line f-fprojecting outward from the front of the fire space. On the outer end 13of the base 10 is mounted the pressure reducing and equalizingtank 14receiving the water supply through pipe 15 and passing it onat reducedeven pres sure through pipe 16 leading to the extreme inner end of thesteam generator 17 which is a casting forming a hollow conduit 18 heatedby the burner. Steam from the generator 17 asses out through the conduit19 to "the va ve 20 and when this valve is open the steam passes down tolower nozzle 21 and also upward to valve 22 .controlling the flow toupper nozzle 23, the valve 22 independently shutting off or turning onthe steam to t pper nozzle. The

is u oil sup 1y enters by the p1 e 25 passing to float fe ed chamber 26fron i which the oil is led by .the pipes 27- -28 leading to the lowerand upper nozzles respectively. A gas ipe 30 is provided leadin to thelower com ustion chamber 31. in t e space en 50 closed by the generator18.

When the generator has been heated sufficiently to get up steam 1 thevalve 20 is opened by turning the lever or handle and the steam passingout of nozzle 21 draws 1921. Serial No. 460,183.

up oil from the pipe 27 through the. inclined pipe 37. Air is also drawninto the mixture of steam and vaporized oil and a shutter device 38 maybe provided to control the amount of air. In this way a flame formingmixture is projected into the lower combustion chamber 31 and is i itedby the priming gas flame from the plpe 30. The gas supply may now beturned off by turnmg the handle 39 of the gas valve of ipe 30 to thecrosswise position shown in i lg. 1, the oil lever 35 being, however,turned from its position in this figure.

The steam opening of the lower nozzle 21 is relatively small andproduces a relatively small flame simply .filling chamber 31 and passingout through the slot 40 and around the generator 17. This lower smallerflame is in effect a pilot flame which is in constant operationthroughout the entire season or uring a cold spell. Itserves to maintaina supply of steam and to keep'the fire space of the furnace or boilerwarm and read?' for the upper larger flame of the nozz e 23. 1

The upper nozzle 23 vit steam supply controlled by the valve 22 operatedthrough intermediate linkages by a motor in box 42 which motor may econtrolled from a distant point'such as a thermostat T operating themotor to open or close the valve 22 according as the temperature at theoint T is below or above a set normal. T is permits each of the nozzles21-23 to be made or set for a iven size of flame without requiring anyurther ad'ustment. The upper nozzle will have a muc larger passage thanthe lower nozzle and its size will depend -upon the particularinstallation so that the burner may be adapted for. various sizes andtypes of heaters simply by changing the mm of the nozzle 23 andarranging the defleeting means for the flame from this nozzle to fit 1nthe corresponding fire space. In this way also maximum efiiciency ofboth nozzles is attained.

The flame forming nozzle of this invenof the jet and having 'an' oilpassage 45. Y

The end ot the oil pipe 44 is positioned in the other jet lines.

the path of the steam jet and is slightly inclined downward withrelation to the axis of this jet so that the passage opens in thedirection of the jet. The edge 46 ofv the oil pipe 44 is preferably madethin with the surrounding surfaces rounded. The rear polnt 50 of theedge 46 is slightly higher than the front point or lip 51 and the steamjet striking along the back surface 52 is deflected upward and outwardsweeping around the edge 46 on smooth lines and merging finally with Theresult is not only the creation of a vacuum but a drawing of the steamparticles along the edge .46 keeping it clean and free from anyaccumulation of thickened oil. The point 50 is preferably positioned inthe jet above the center line of the opening 43 and for the structureshown in tle drawings it has been found that the most eflicient actionis obtained with point 51 at a distance of nearly one third of theradius of passa e 43 above the center.

The distance between the nozzle 23 and oil pipe 44 along the axis of thejet will depend upon the particular results desired and upon the steampressure and the 43. In the example shown in the drawings the oint- 51is spaced from the end of the nozz e about three times the diameter ofthe nozzle passage 43. In the flame forming nozzle of this invention thediameter of the oil duct or assage 45 is very lar e and the oil issuckerftherethrough from a ower constant level so that a constantresistance is imposed on the oil feed due to the distance the oil has tobe raised to reach the edge 46. In the nozzle 23 with a steam orifice 43of one eighth of an inch and relatively low steam pressure of less thantwenty pounds per square inch the oil passage 45 may be one quarter ofan inch in diameter. In nozzle 21 with a steam orifice of less than onesixteenth of an inch corresponding to drill No. 50 the oil passage 45will preferably be about one eighth of an inch. This large oil passageand high suction and direct action of the steam on the edge 46 provide aflame forming nozzle that not only efficiently draws up and vaporizesand mixes the oil but also avoids all stoppage or stufiing of the oilpassages. The steam stream surrounds the oil which does not come intocontact with the air until at some distance from the nozzle so that theflame never approaches the oil in liquid form and the temperature of theoil assage at the edge 46 is constantly that of t e steam.

Relative adjustment of the steam and oil passa es may be provided as bynuts threa ed on the nozzle stem 66 and by worm wheel nut 67 threaded'on the stem 68 of the oil pipe. The worm wheel 67 isturnedby worm 69 onrod 70 and this adjustment automatically locks the parts at eachsetting. All the parts may be mounted in a single size of the orificeframe 71. The relatively low level of the oil in float chamber 26withdraws the oil from each nozzle whenever the corresponding jet isstopped so that the feed of the oil automatically ceases with thestopping of the steam. In order 'to prevent the feeding of the oil intohot combustion chambers without ignition the gas supply and the steamsupplies through valve 20 are interlocked as'indicated at 35-39 inFig. 1. The handle 39 of the as valve is provided with a slot 41arranged to fit over handle 39 and lock the lever 35 with valve 20closed when the gas supply is shut off. In order to release the lever 35for opening of the valve 20 it is necessary to first turn the handle 39of the gas valve to open the gas valve before thelever 35 can be raisedto open the steam valve .20. Therefore if the combustion chambers arehot the pilot gas flame will light in advance of theturning on of theoil flames and these in turn will be immediately ignited by the gasflame.

In case, as through an accident, there is any leakage of oil or waterthis collects and drains off through the pipe and into the pan 76 hungfrom the end of the lever 77. Fluid dripging into the pan 76 whenaccumulated in su cient quantity will ull down on the lever 77 and turnthe shaft 8 so that the cams 79-80 will be turned to release theplungers 81 and 82. These plungers 81 and 82 w en released will closethe valves 83 and 84 in the water and oil supplies respectively to turnoff both of these supplies. In order to turn on these supplies again itis necessary to slide the shaft 78 to the right depress the plungers 81and 82 and lift the lever 77 back to normal position and then slip theshaft 78 and cams 79 and back from the deressed plunger. The apparatusis thus efectively safeguarded against flood-ing the premises by theaccumulation ofdripping liquid.

Theapparatus of this invention positions all parts for convenientinspection and adjustment. The large flame forming nozzle may have itsjet directed against fire brick bafiies to guide the flame in anydesired manner suiting the requirements of the furnace stove or boilerin which it is installed. The apparatus is adaptable to a wide varietyof uses and the invention is not confined to installations of the ty e.shown in the drawings but is intended to cover such further uses asfall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim 1. A portable burner to be installed in connection with afurnace, com rising a unitary base member adapted to e supported withinthe furnace .at one end, steam generating and flame forming apparatusdetachably mounted at the furnace end of said base member, fuel andwater control means detachably mounted on base member,

steam generating and flame forming apparatus and control meansextendingalongsaid base.- i

2. In an oil burner the combination with a steam generator, nozzlesfedthereby,'an oil supply for the jets from said nozzles means forcollectin any leaking fluid from said apparatus, an the steam and oilsupply by said collecting means comprising cam control valves.

3. In an oil burner the combination with asteam generator, nozzles fedthereby, an oil su-ptply-for the jets from said nozzles, means orcollecting any leaking fluid from said apparatus, means' for shuttingofl the steam and oil supply by said collecting means comprisingcam'control valves, and means for tri ping the cams of said valves.

4. In an oi burner adapted to be inserted in the fire space of afurnace, the combinaf tion with a steam supply, of a gas supply forpriming, valves controlling said supplies, and interlocking meansbetween said valves must be turned "on in advanc means for shutting oflocking said steam supply until said gas supply valve has been opened.

5. In an oil burner the-combination with a flame forming means, of asteam supply therefor, a as sup ly for said burner and means forinterloc ing said steam supply and said gas supply so that the gassupply of the steam suppl .7 v

6. Iii an oil burner-the combination with a steam generator, upperburner heating said generator and receiving their supply of steamtherefrom, a common valve for the steam supply to said burners and aseparate automatically operated valve for the steam supply to one ofsaid burners.

7. In an oil burner the combination with a steam supply, of a lowerburner and an upper burner, a common valve for the steam supply to saidor the steam supply to one of said burners, said second valve beingcontrolled by a thermostat.

ALBERT E. GRANT.

of a lower burner and an burners and a separate valve

